This works out to 5% loss per conductor or 10% total loss for the transmission distance. The following table shows the maximum transmission distance using copper wire assuming 2.8 volts drop total. For 2% loss per conductor, the transmission distance will be 30% of the number in the column. The table also assumes that the battery voltage is approximately 12.6 and the hydro voltage will be approximately 14.6 at the power level indicated. This is my personal limit for a 12 volt system which is naturally inefficient due to the low voltage.
This works out to a little less than 7% loss per conductor or just under 14% total voltage loss for the transmission distance. The following table shows the maximum transmission distance using copper wire assuming 2 volts drop total. Quite often the hydro will also increase in efficiency providing another slight gain. Explore producing at a higher voltage and use a step down transformer/rectifier unit to reduce wire costs.ġ0% loss example: Hydro 12 amps 13.86 volts = 166.32 wattsīattery 12 amps 12.6 volts = 151.2 wattsĢ% loss example: Hydro 12.94 amps 12.853… volts = 166.32 wattsīattery 12.94 amps 12.6 volts = 163 watts You can either heat wire or charge the battery. As a rule I rarely will design a system with over 10% wire loss per conductor because there is usually some other option. Sometimes it is about what is possible and not what would be correct. This would result in a drop in efficiency of 36% which is clearly unacceptable except for the longest of wire runs. We can easily waste 20% of the power being generated in each conductor on some of these long wire runs and still not detect any temperature gain at these low voltages. Most conductors available are rated for temp rise at 2000 volts to 75 C. The 2% rule is not relevant to the equipment. The Permanent magnet hydro is a dynamic power source that works outside of the usual concerns for motors and other types of generating equipment. To find % wire loss from above: Voltage drop from above / hydro voltageĥ.89% for the total wire run, two conductors, each conductor is half.Įlectrical inspectors would like to see 2% or less voltage loss per conductor. To find hydro voltage:add voltage drop to battery voltage
X Wire Length X Hydro ampsĮxample: 200 ft.
Single phase AC & DC current resistance at 75C
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